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Growing Mushrooms – on Straw

How to grow mushrooms?
Author/s: Assist.prof. Andrej Gregori, PhD
Publish date: 04.08.2024

In this tutorial, you will find practical instructions for growing mushrooms on straw, including substrate preparation, growth conditions, and harvests. You will learn how to properly soak and steam the straw, prepare bags with mycelium, maintain optimal temperature and humidity, and care for multiple harvests from the same substrate.

 

Preparing the Straw

  1. Cutting: Cut the straw into pieces 2–3 cm long.

  2. Soaking: Soak it in water overnight, weighing it down so that it stays submerged.

  3. Steaming: After soaking, drain the straw completely and steam it for 1½ to 2 hours, or immerse it in water at 60 °C for 60 minutes.

Mixing Mycelium into the Straw

 

Filling the Bags

  • Lightly pack the straw into the bags, shaking them several times or tapping them on the floor. Do not press the contents with your hands, as the straw needs to remain airy.

  • Tie the bags tightly and make small holes all over the surface (using a nail, pencil, or screwdriver).

  • Cut the corners at the bottom of the bags so that excess water can drain and does not accumulate at the base. This helps prevent substrate rot.

Make small holes in the bag for ventilation and mushroom fruiting

 

Incubation and Growth

  1. Warm space: Leave the bags in a room with a temperature of 20–24 °C for 1 month.

  2. Cool, humid space: Then move the bags to a room below 20 °C with high air humidity and soft lighting. Increase the holes in the bag if necessary.

  3. Mushroom growth: Mushrooms begin to sprout from the substrate inoculated with grain-based mycelium. During growth, it is recommended to spray water in the room daily, but the mushrooms should not be directly wet, as this can cause rotting.

Harvests

  • Up to three mushroom harvests can be expected from the bags.

  • Do not remove the bags from the colonized substrate, as mushrooms grow through the holes in the bag.

 

Further Use of the Straw

When the mushrooms stop sprouting, the straw substrate can be applied to fresh logs for further cultivation. Only straw that has not molded or dried out during cultivation is suitable.

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